ANTIPROLIFERATIVE AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GYNANDROPSIS PENTAPHYLLA LINN ON MCF-7 CELL LINE

Objective: To investigate the in vitro Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Activity of Gynandropsis pentaphylla Linn. Leaves on MCF-7 Cell line. Methods: Phytochemicals were analysed by using standard methods. In Vitro antioxidant studies were carried out for the methanol extracts of the Gynandropsis pentaphylla using various free radical models such a DPPH, Reducing power assay and Hydrogen peroxide. In vitro cytotoxic assay such as trypan blue dye exclusion and MTT assays were carried out in methanolic extract against MCF-7 cell line. Results: The results of the present study demonstrated that the qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanol, aqueous and chloroform extract of Gynandropsis pentaphylla showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, saponins, protein and terpenoids. The antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of leaves G.pentaphyllawas confirmed by free radical scavenging activity and reducing (FRAP) and it was found to be significant. Inhibitory concentration (IC50) for the methanolic extract of Gynandropsis pentaphylla on MCF-7 cell was found to be 96.67 determined by MTT assay. Conclusion: It revealed that the crude methanolic extract of G. pentaphylla has antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cell lines. From our study it is concluded that, the phytochemicals present in the Gynandropsis pentaphylla possess antioxidant and anticancer activity

Application of a comfort index for evaluating tactile and thermo-physiological comfort properties of surgical gowns

146-153The primary objective of this study is to develop a mathematical tool to calculate a global desirability index value (comfort index) for disposable surgical gowns which will enhance the market value for the product. The mathematical tool is based on the desirability function approach, by using its different modules such as maximization, minimization, and target as per the objectives chosen. Three different disposable nonwoven surgical gowns, such as Fabrics C (44.35 g/m2, 0.32 mm thickness & 11 micron pore size), A (46.31 g/m2, 0.29 mm thickness & 10 micron pore size) & S (44.71 g/m2, 0.36 mm thickness & 8.9 micron pore size), intended for hospital application have been used. The developed model focuses on predicting tactile and thermophysiological comfort, by considering the importance of certain physical properties, leading to the comfort of the wearer. Results reveal that out of the three gowns, Fabric C gown fetches the best comfort index value of 0.5689 followed by the Fabric S and A gowns with the values of 0.3009 and 0.1969 respectively

Feasibility study on data mining techniques in diagnosis of breast cancer

© 2019 International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology. Survivability of patients suffering from breast cancer varies according to the stages. The early detection of breast cancer increase the longevity of patients. However, the number of risk factors involved in the detection exponentially increases with the medical examinations. The need for automated data mining techniques to enable cost-effective and early prediction of cancer is rapidly becoming a trend in healthcare industry. The optimal techniques for prediction and diagnosis differs significantly due to the risk factors. This study reviews article provides a holistic view of the types of data mining techniques used in prediction of breast cancer. On a whole, the computer-aided automatic data mining techniques that are commonly employed in diagnosis and prognosis of chronic diseases include Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, Association rule, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines (SVM), among others. The accuracy and overall performance of the classifiers differ for every dataset and thereby this article attempts to provide a mean to understand the approaches involved in the early prediction

Application of a comfort index for evaluating tactile and thermo-physiological comfort properties of surgical gowns

The primary objective of this study is to develop a mathematical tool to calculate a global desirability index value (comfort index) for disposable surgical gowns which will enhance the market value for the product. The mathematical tool is based on the desirability function approach, by using its different modules such as maximization, minimization, and target as per the objectives chosen. Three different disposable nonwoven surgical gowns, such as Fabrics C (44.35 g/m2, 0.32 mm thickness & 11 micron pore size), A (46.31 g/m2, 0.29 mm thickness & 10 micron pore size) & S (44.71 g/m2, 0.36 mm thickness & 8.9 micron pore size), intended for hospital application have been used. The developed model focuses on predicting tactile and thermophysiological comfort, by considering the importance of certain physical properties, leading to the comfort of the wearer. Results reveal that out of the three gowns, Fabric C gown fetches the best comfort index value of 0.5689 followed by the Fabric S and A gowns with the values of 0.3009 and 0.1969 respectively

Role of Melatonin in Directing Plant Physiology

Melatonin (MT), a naturally occurring compound, is found in various species worldwide. In 1958, it was first identified in the pineal gland of dairy cows. MT is an "old friend" but a "new compound" for plant biology. It brings experts and research minds from the broad field of plant sciences due to its considerable influence on plant systems. The MT production process in plants and animals is distinct, where it has been expressed explicitly in chloroplasts and mitochondria in plants. Tryptophan acts as the precursor for the formation of phyto-melatonin, along with intermediates including tryptamine, serotonin, N-acetyl serotonin, and 5-methoxy tryptamine. It plays a vital role in growth phases such as the seed germination and seedling growth of crop plants. MT significantly impacts the gas exchange, thereby improving physio-chemical functions in plant systems. During stress, the excessive generation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, nucleic acid damage, and enzyme inhibition. Because it directly acts as an antioxidant compound, it awakens the plant antioxidant defense system during stress and reduces the production of ROS, which results in decreasing cellular oxidative damage. MT can enhance plant growth and development in response to various abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, high temperature, flooding, and heavy metals by regulating the antioxidant mechanism of plants. However, these reactions differ significantly from crop to crop and are based on the level and kind of stress. The role of MT in the physiological functions of plants towards plant growth and development, tolerance towards various abiotic stresses, and approaches for enhancing the endogenous MT in plant systems are broadly reviewed and it is suggested that MT is a steering compound in directing major physiological functions of plants under the changing climate in future

Application of thermal spray coatings in electrolysers for hydrogen production: advances, challenges, and opportunities.

Thermal spray coatings have the advantage of providing thick and functional coatings from a range of engineering materials. The associated coating processes provide good control of coating thickness, morphology, microstructure, pore size and porosity, and residual strain in the coatings through selection of suitable process parameters for any coating material of interest. This review consolidates scarce literature on thermally sprayed components which are critical and vital constituents (e.g. catalysts (anode/cathode), solid electrolyte, and transport layer, including corrosion-prone parts such as bipolar plates) of the water splitting electrolysis process for hydrogen production. The research shows that there is a gap in thermally sprayed feedstock material selection strategy as well as in addressing modelling needs that can be crucial to advancing applications exploiting their catalytic and corrosion-resistant properties to split water for hydrogen production. Due to readily scalable production enabled by thermal spray techniques, this manufacturing route bears potential to dominate the sustainable electrolyser technologies in the future. While the well-established thermal spray coating variants may have certain limitations in the manner they are currently practiced, deployment of both conventional and novel thermal spray approaches (suspension, solution, hybrid) is clearly promising for targeted development of electrolysers

Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Mycobacterium orygis Strain Isolated from Cattle in Chennai, India.

Here, we report the isolation of Mycobacterium orygis from dairy cattle in Chennai, India. Spoligotyping assigned the isolate to spoligotype 587 (ST587), which belongs to M. orygis This species was confirmed as M. orygis using whole-genome sequencing

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability